Abstract: In May of 2006, the Abigail Alliance for Better Access to Development Drugs (Abigail) appeared to have won a victory when a divided panel of the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (D.C. Circuit) ruled that “terminally ill, mentally competent adult patients” had a constitutionally protected right to access investigational medications. This victory was short lived, however. On August 7, 2007, the D.C. Circuit sitting en banc reversed this earlier decision, marking a setback in Abigail's campaign for removal of the regulatory barriers that currently prevent terminally ill patients from gaining early access to investigational drugs (i.e., experimental drugs). This loss represents a big blow for Abigail's cause, because there is no guarantee that they will have another day in court, and attaining their goal through other branches of the government remains uncertain.