Abstract: This chapter provides an updated examination of public enforcement efficacy in the context of securities regulation. We summarize the literature exploring the relationship between enforcement and other measures of robust capital markets; between enforcement and capital flows, valuations, and cross-listing decisions; and between enforcement and the success of regulatory reform efforts. We also review recent efforts to employ more sophisticated econometric methods to tease out the direction of causality between enforcement intensity and robust capital markets. We conclude by surveying a new frontier for the public enforcement of securities laws: cryptocurrencies. Overall, existing scholarship confirms that greater levels of public enforcement are associated with key measures of robust capital markets.